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But just how do you create a system Which Has a decentralized ledger How can you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a very creative manner I like to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In short, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds simple, right
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Of course, this guessing is all done by your computer. The stronger your computer is, the more guesses you can make in one second, increasing your chances of winning this game. If you manage to figure correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the ideal suspect, your mining system determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents your moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with your solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can validate it. Its a bit much like a Rubiks cube: The solution is very hard to attain but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution upgrades its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions you chose to include in the cube.
4. The system generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them to you as compensation for time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the block youve only entered are now confirmed by the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the simple fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part is just a by-product of the transaction confirmation procedure. So the name is a bit misleading, since the main objective of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will suppose the number and be granted the right to upgrade the blockchain. Of course, that the miners with more computing power will succeed more often, but due to the regulation of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed each time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the more mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to guess the answer to the mining mathematics problem. Therefore that the difficulty of this mining process is really self-adjusting into the accumulated mining capability the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it will get harder to solve the problem; when many of them drop off, it is going to get easier. This can be known as mining difficulty.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two blocks being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour to the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can this imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a sort of arms race to acquire the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners on the market. In reality, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time using their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was reduced. As Bitcoin started to catch on, folks looked for more potent mining solutions.